The Android beta was released on 5 November 2007,[3][4] while the software developer's kit (SDK) was released on 12 November 2007.[5]
[edit]v1.0



The HTC Dream (G1) introduced Android 1.0.
Android 1.0, the first commercial version of the software, was released on 23 September 2008.[6] The first Android device, the HTC Dream (G1),[7] incorporated the following Android 1.0 features:
Android Market application download and updates through the Market app
Web browser to show, zoom and pan full HTML and XHTML web pages – multiple pages show as windows ("cards")[8][9]
Camera support – however this version lacked the option to change the camera's resolution, white balance, quality, etc.[10]
Folders allowing the grouping of a number of app icons into a single folder icon on the Home screen.[11]
Access to web email servers, supporting POP3, IMAP4, and SMTP.[9]
Gmail synchronization with the Gmail app
Google Contacts synchronization with the People app
Google Calendar synchronization with the Calendar app
Google Maps with Latitude and Street View to view maps and satellite imagery, as well as find local business and obtain driving directions using GPS[10]
Google Sync, allowing management of over-the-air synchronization of Gmail, People, and Calendar
Google Search, allowing users to search the Internet and phone apps, contacts, calendar, etc
Google Talk instant messaging
Instant messaging, text messaging, and MMS
Media Player, enabling management, importing, and playback of media files – however, this version lacked video and stereo Bluetooth support[9][10]
Notifications appear in the Status bar, with options to set ringtone, LED or vibration alerts[8][9][12]
Voice Dialer allows dialing and placing of phone calls without typing a name or number[9]
Wallpaper allows the user to set the background image or photo behind the Home screen icons and widgets
YouTube video player[13]
Other apps include: Alarm Clock, Calculator, Dialer (Phone), Home screen (launcher), Pictures (Gallery), and Settings.
Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support
[edit]v1.1



The Android 1.1 home screen.
On 9 February 2009, the Android 1.1 update was released, initially for the T-Mobile G1 only. The update resolved bugs, changed the API and added a number of other features:[14]
Details and reviews available when a user searches for businesses on Maps
Longer in-call screen timeout default when using the speakerphone, plus ability to show/hide dialpad
Ability to save attachments in messages
Support added for marquee in system layouts
[edit]v1.5 Cupcake



The Android Emulator default home screen (v1.5).
On 30 April 2009, the Android 1.5 update, dubbed Cupcake, was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.27.[15][16] The update included several new features and UI amendments:[17]
Support for third-party virtual keyboards with text prediction and user dictionary for custom words
Support for Widgets - miniature application views that can be embedded in other applications (such as the Home screen) and receive periodic updates[18]
Video recording and playback in MPEG-4 and 3GP formats
Auto-pairing and stereo support for Bluetooth added (A2DP and AVRCP profiles)
Copy and paste features added to web browser
User pictures shown for Favorites in Contacts
Specific date/time stamp shown for events in call log, and one-touch access to a contact card from call log event
Animated screen transitions
Ability to upload videos to YouTube
Ability to upload photos to Picasa
[edit]v1.6 Donut



The Android 1.6 home screen.
On 15 September 2009, the Android 1.6 SDK – dubbed Donut – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29.[19][20][21] Included in the update were numerous new features:[19]
Voice and text entry search enhanced to include bookmark history, contacts, and the web
Ability for developers to include their content in search results
Multi-lingual speech synthesis engine to allow any Android application to "speak" a string of text
Easier searching and ability to view app screenshots in Android Market
Gallery, camera and camcorder more fully integrated, with faster camera access
Ability for users to select multiple photos for deletion
Updated technology support for CDMA/EVDO, 802.1x, VPNs, and a text-to-speech engine
Support for WVGA screen resolutions
Speed improvements in searching and camera applications
Expanded Gesture framework and new GestureBuilder development tool
[edit]v2.0/2.1 Eclair

[edit]v2.0


The Motorola Droid introduced Android 2.0.
On 26 October 2009, the Android 2.0 SDK – codenamed Eclair – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.29.[22] Changes included:[23]
Expanded Account sync, allowing users to add multiple accounts to a device for email- and contact-synchronization
Exchange email support, with combined inbox to browse email from multiple accounts in one page
Bluetooth 2.1 support
Ability to tap a Contacts photo and select to call, SMS, or email the person
Ability to search all saved SMS and MMS messages, with delete oldest messages in a conversation automatically deleted when a defined limit is reached
Numerous new camera features, including flash support, digital zoom, scene mode, white balance, color effect and macro focus
Improved typing speed on virtual keyboard, with smarter dictionary that learns from word usage and includes contact names as suggestions
Refreshed browser UI with bookmark thumbnails, double-tap zoom and support for HTML5
Calendar agenda view enhanced, showing attending status for each invitee, and ability to invite new guests to events
Optimized hardware speed and revamped UI
Support for more screen sizes and resolutions, with better contrast ratio
Improved Google Maps 3.1.2
MotionEvent class enhanced to track multi-touch events[24]
Addition of live wallpapers, allowing the animation of home-screen background images to show movement
[edit]v2.0.1
The Android 2.0.1 SDK was released on 3 December 2009.[25] It was a minor platform release deployable to Android-powered handsets, including minor API changes, bug fixes and framework behavioral changes.[25]
[edit]v2.1
The 2.1 SDK was released on 12 January 2010.[26] It was a minor platform release deployable to Android-powered handsets, including minor amendments to the API and bug fixes.[26]
[edit]v2.2.x Froyo



Google's Nexus One was the first smartphone to receive Android 2.2 Froyo.
[edit]v2.2
On 20 May 2010, the Android 2.2 (Froyo) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.32.[27][28] Its features included:[27]
Speed, memory, and performance optimizations[29]
Additional application speed improvements, implemented through JIT compilation[30]
Integration of Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine into the Browser application
Support for the Android Cloud to Device Messaging (C2DM) service, enabling push notifications
Improved Microsoft Exchange support, including security policies, auto-discovery, GAL look-up, calendar synchronization and remote wipe
Improved application launcher with shortcuts to Phone and Browser applications
USB tethering and Wi-Fi hotspot functionality
Added an option to disable data access over mobile network
Updated Market application with batch and automatic update features[29]
Quick switching between multiple keyboard languages and their dictionaries
Voice dialing and contact sharing over Bluetooth
Support for Bluetooth-enabled car and desk docks
Support for numeric and alphanumeric passwords
Support for file upload fields in the Browser application[31]
Support for installing applications to the expandable memory
Adobe Flash support[32]
Support for extra-high-PPI screens (320 ppi), such as 4" 720p[33]
Gallery allows users to view picture stacks using a zoom gesture
[edit]v2.2.1
The Android 2.2.1 update was released on 18 January 2011, and included a number of bug fixes, security updates, and performance improvements.[34]
[edit]v2.2.2
The Android 2.2.2 update was released on 22 January 2011, and fixed minor bugs, including SMS routing issues that affected the Nexus One.[35]
[edit]v2.2.3
The Android 2.2.3 update was released on 21 November 2011, and consisted of two security patches.
[edit]v2.3.x Gingerbread



Google's Nexus S introduced Android 2.3 Gingerbread.
[edit]v2.3
On 6 December 2010, the Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) SDK was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.35.[36][37] Changes included:[36]
Updated user interface design with increased simplicity and speed
Support for extra-large screen sizes and resolutions (WXGA and higher)[33]
Native support for SIP VoIP internet telephony
Faster, more intuitive text input in virtual keyboard, with improved accuracy, better suggested text and voice input mode
Enhanced copy/paste functionality, allowing users to select a word by press-hold, copy, and paste
Support for Near Field Communication (NFC), allowing the user to read an NFC tag embedded in a poster, sticker, or advertisement
New audio effects such as reverb, equalization, headphone virtualization, and bass boost
New Download Manager, giving users easy access to any file downloaded from the browser, email, or another application
Support for multiple cameras on the device, including a front-facing camera, if available
Support for WebM/VP8 video playback, and AAC audio encoding
Improved power management with a more active role in managing apps that are keeping the device awake for too long
Enhanced support for native code development
Switched from YAFFS to ext4 on newer devices[38][39]
Audio, graphical, and input enhancements for game developers
Concurrent garbage collection for increased performance
Native support for more sensors (such as gyroscopes and barometers)
[edit]v2.3.3
Released on 9 February 2011, Android 2.3.3 included several improvements and API fixes.[40]
[edit]v2.3.4
Version 2.3.4 introduced support for voice or video chat using Google Talk.[41]
[edit]v2.3.5
Released on 25 July 2011, Android 2.3.5 included a number of system enhancements:[42]
Improved network performance for the Nexus S 4G, among other fixes and improvements
Fixed Bluetooth bug on Samsung Galaxy S
Improved Gmail application
Shadow animations for list scrolling
Camera software enhancements
Improved battery efficiency
[edit]v2.3.6
Released on 2 September 2011, this version fixed a voice search bug. The 2.3.6 update had the side-effect of impairing the Wi-Fi hotspot functionality of many Canadian Nexus S phones. Google acknowledged this problem and fixed it in late September.[43][44]
[edit]v2.3.7
Android 2.3.7 introduced Google Wallet support for the Nexus S 4G.
[edit]v3.x Honeycomb

[edit]v3.0


The Motorola Xoom tablet introduced Android 3.0.1 Honeycomb.
On 22 February 2011, the Android 3.0 (Honeycomb) SDK – the first tablet-only Android update – was released, based on Linux kernel 2.6.36.[45][46][47][48] The first device featuring this version, the Motorola Xoom tablet, was released on 24 February 2011.[49] Changes included:[45]
Optimized tablet support with a new virtual and “holographic” user interface
Added System Bar, featuring quick access to notifications, status, and soft navigation buttons, available at the bottom of the screen
Added Action Bar, giving access to contextual options, navigation, widgets, or other types of content at the top of the screen
Simplified multitasking – tapping Recent Apps in the System Bar allows users to see snapshots of the tasks underway and quickly jump from one app to another
Redesigned keyboard, making typing fast, efficient and accurate on larger screen sizes
Simplified, more intuitive copy/paste interface
Multiple browser tabs replacing browser windows, plus form auto-fill and a new “incognito” mode allowing anonymous browsing
Quick access to camera exposure, focus, flash, zoom, front-facing camera, time-lapse, and more
Ability to view albums and other collections in full-screen mode in Gallery, with easy access to thumbnails for other photos
New two-pane Contacts UI and Fast Scroll to let users easily organize and locate contacts
New two-pane Email UI to make viewing and organizing messages more efficient, allowing users to select one or more messages
Support for video chat using Google Talk
Hardware acceleration
Support for multi-core processors
Ability to encrypt all user data
[edit]v3.1
The 3.1 SDK was released on 10 May 2011.[50] Changes included:
UI refinements
Connectivity for USB accessories
Expanded Recent Apps list
Resizable Home screen widgets
Support for external keyboards and pointing devices
Support for joysticks and gamepads
Support for FLAC audio playback[51][52]
High-performance Wi-Fi lock, maintaining high-performance Wi-Fi connections when device screen is off
Support for HTTP proxy for each connected Wi-Fi access point
[edit]v3.2
The 3.2 SDK was released on 15 July 2011,[53] first appearing on Huawei's MediaPad tablet.[54] Changes included:
Improved hardware support, including optimizations for a wider range of tablets
Increased ability of apps to access files on the SD card, e.g. for synchronization
Compatibility display mode for apps that have not been optimized for tablet screen resolutions
New display support functions, giving developers more control over display appearance on different Android devices
[edit]v3.2.1
The Android 3.2.1 update was released on 20 September 2011, and included a number of amendments:
Bug fixes and minor security, stability and Wi-Fi improvements
Update to Android Market with automatic updates and easier-to-read Terms and Condition text
Update to Google Books
Improved Adobe Flash support in browser
Improved Chinese handwriting prediction
[edit]v3.2.2
The 3.2.2 update was released on 30 August 2011, and included bug fixes and other minor improvements for the Motorola Xoom 4G.
[edit]v4.x Ice Cream Sandwich

Android 4.0 – codenamed Ice Cream Sandwich, and based on Linux kernel 3.0.1[55] – was previewed at the May 2011 Google I/O event,[56] and officially launched at the Galaxy Nexus and Ice Cream Sandwich release event on 19 October 2011.[57]
[edit]v4.0.1


The Galaxy Nexus introduced Android 4.0.1 Ice Cream Sandwich.
The SDK for Android 4.0.1 was publicly released on 19 October 2011.[58] Google's Gabe Cohen stated that Android 4.0 was "theoretically compatible" with any Android 2.3.x device in production at that time.[59] The source code for Android 4.0 became available on 14 November 2011, three days before the Galaxy Nexus was released.[60] New features included:[61][62][63]
Enhanced speed and performance
Virtual buttons in the UI, in place of capacitive or physical buttons
Separation of widgets in a new tab, listed in a similar manner to apps
Easier-to-create folders, with a drag-and-drop style
A customizable launcher
Improved visual voicemail with the ability to speed up or slow down voicemail messages
Pinch-to-zoom functionality in the calendar
Offline search, a two-line preview, and new action bar at the bottom of the Gmail app
Ability to swipe left or right to switch between Gmail conversations
Integrated screenshot capture (accomplished by holding down the Power and Volume-Down buttons)
Improved error correction on the keyboard
Ability to access apps directly from lock screen (similar to HTC Sense 3.x)
Improved copy and paste functionality
Better voice integration and continuous, real-time speech to text dictation
Face Unlock, a feature that allows users to unlock handsets using facial recognition software
New tabbed web browser, allowing up to 16 tabs
Automatic syncing of browser with users' Chrome bookmarks
A new typeface family for the UI, Roboto
Data Usage section in settings that lets users set warnings when they approach a certain usage limit, and disable data use when the limit is exceeded
Ability to shut down apps that are using data in the background
Improved camera app with zero shutter lag, time lapse settings, panorama mode, and the ability to zoom while recording
Built-in photo editor
New gallery layout, organized by location and person
Refreshed "People" app with social network integration, status updates and hi-res images
Android Beam, a near-field communication feature allowing the rapid short-range exchange of web bookmarks, contact info, directions, YouTube videos and other data
Hardware acceleration of the UI[64]
Resizeable widgets – already part of Android 3.1 for tablets, but new for cellphones[65]
Wi-Fi Direct[66]
1080p video recording for stock Android devices
[edit]v4.0.2
The Android 4.0.2 update was released on 28 November 2011, and fixed minor bugs on the Verizon Galaxy Nexus, the US launch of which was later delayed until December 2011.[67][68]
[edit]v4.0.3
The Android 4.0.3 update was first released on 16 December 2011.[2] It included a number of bug fixes and optimizations, and offered improvements to graphics, databases, spell-checking and Bluetooth functionality, along with new APIs for developers, including a social stream API in the Contacts provider. Other features included Calendar provider enhancements, new camera apps enhancing video stabilization and QVGA resolution, and accessibility refinements such as improved content access for screen readers.[69]
[edit]v4.0.4
The Android 4.0.4 update was leaked on 4 February 2012.[70] The update has yet to be formally released, but appears to include various performance and stability updates, as well as enhanced radio firmware.

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