QUOTE
And what is the differences between civil engineering and architecture besides
one is planning while one is responsible for building? Any example??
OK, I shall try to have a go at this.
Civil Engineering and Architecture is different.
Using a building as an example, the Civil Engineer's job is to ensure that the building, (which the Architect have designed), can stand safely. He will also be the one to ensure that the Architect's design is safe, and can be build in the first place. The Civil Engineer will have to use the respective laws of Physical Science (Physics) and perform a lot of Engineering calculations in the process of determining the structural integrity of the building; which are many. (A building is very complicated.) As a specific example of the Civil Engineer's role, he will have to make sure that the pillars/columns can support the floor - floors above. In the process, he will have to determine the best material/cement type - grade to be used for the pillars/columns in respect & accordance to the Architect's design. Perhaps, the Architect's design is such that the area is an "Open Space Design Concept" where there is absolutely no pillars or columns in the vicinity. In such a situation, the Civil Engineer will have to use extra Critical thinking skills and extra knowledge of Structural Engineering to try to solve the problem. (There would always be a lot of complex Engineering calculations in the process, it is part of the Engineer's life; Maths must be his second nature and he must be
proficient + fluent + efficient at mathematics, because there would always be
a lot of calculations to perform. You need to like math a lot.) The Architect's design may involve floating walkways/bridges, to entire floor design sections indoors - outdoors that are (hanging/suspended) supported by steel cables & steel sections/beams. The Civil Engineer will have to calculate all of those structural and support factors, and perhaps even have to suggest to the Architect a more efficient or cost saving design that can still maintain the Architect's primary design concept. The Civil Engineer and the Architect will always have to perform technical discussions with each other. The Civil Engineer will have to be responsible for the efficiency of the structural designs. For example, the Architect's design for a certain part of the building may be using more supports for every section than it is needed...It will be the Civil Engineer's duty and responsibility to seek out and re-study the design to implement a more clever/ingenious/efficient design that can still hold, but with less supports...perhaps with equivalent support strength as the previous design as well... In such a case, the Civil Engineer will have to perform his calculations and apply the laws of Physics appropriately to come across a suitable & practical - cost saving design that is not at the expense of the building's safety. The Civil Engineer need to study the Architect's design as well. The Architect may use 6 columns to support a section of the building, but when the Civil Engineer study the design and perform his calculations, he may find out that 3 columns is enough to support the section, when they are designed more ingeniously and placed more efficiently. (Every decision the Engineer makes must is backed up by his calculations; which must be "crucially" correct and accurate.) The Civil Engineer have many other roles as well. He would also have to deal with the sewage/waste deposit system, the drainage system, infrastructures (Flyovers, highways, roads, railways, dams, tunnels, airports etc...), as such...(Basically, the Civil Engineer will be working very closely with the Architect.)
What about the Architect???
Well, the Architect is known as the "Master Builder", and he is in charge of the build environment, which includes everything; the social and cultural aspect as well. The Architect initiates projects that ranges from small personal houses to huge office complexes, he also get to design the houses and the office complexes based on the client's needs or desires. The Architect will follow up with the project until it is ready for the public. He will be supervising everyone in the build environment throughout the project, and those are the Engineers, the Quantity Surveyors, the Workers, the Construction Managers, the Technicians, the Interior Designers, etc...It will be the Architect's responsibility to produce designs that are functional and efficient for the benefit/betterment of mankind, and that apply to the building, landscape, city, or the build environment in its entirety that the Architect have designed. (A lot of brain power will be needed.) Basically, the Architect will be involve in "Design". When the Architect design a building, he has to take into consideration the function and purpose of the building. He would have to design every floor plan and layouts of the building. (He would have to plan and visualize a lot, using a lot of his brain power.) When the Architect design a building, he would also have to take into consideration and plan the traffic flow of the people. He will determine how the people will access and exit the building as one of the many examples, and the design of the building have to be efficient, functional, yet pleasing. (Beautiful, functional, & efficient will apply throughout the Architect's design.) The Architect will also get to choose building materials such as glass & steel/concrete to convey his design. (All in all, the building have to be durable, cost effective, & pleasing.) The Architect will also plan the wind flow and lighting of the building. (The Architect will have various designs in mind for those kind of wind or lighting applications, and he will try to make the designs pleasing while at the same time serve its purpose.) The main thing that the Architect need to do, regarding the building, is to "Design" the building; plan the layouts, design the floor plans for each and every individual floors, plan the building traffic, and plan/design the building surroundings as well. There are also a lot of technicalities that the Architect have to handle, such as the air-conditionings, the airflows, the ventilations, and the lightings as such. (Basically, the Architect is in charge of the building that he design; and that includes being in charge of the construction team as well.) The Architect will supervise the construction process to make sure that his designs are correctly build and according to his blueprint. Today, the Architect will also have to bring "Sustainable Designs" into account. Architects today have to make sure that their buildings are environmentally friendly. They have to control the power consumption/efficiency, waste output, and resource consumption/efficiency of their buildings. They would have to think of more environmentally friendly designs for their buildings. (Ecological Architecture, Green Architecture, Sustainable Architecture, as such...) The Architect have to research and develop [R&D] more environmentally sound/efficient designs. They would have to get involve in maximizing the productivity and minimizing the waste products of their buildings with the help of the specialized Engineers. (Recycling, reprocessing, and reconverting are some of the keys.)
The following concept will be a good start towards Green Architecture, involving buildings that will have less negative impact on the environment >>>
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:MEC%27s...mong_others.jpgIt will be the Architect's role to think, research, experiment, and carry out all this. They have to be the innovators of this field in the build environment; which they are in charge of.
*Build a better tomorrow for all mankind*This post has been edited by Benjamin911: Mar 17 2008, 07:22 AM