Tip of The Week 2Mind Your MoraleQUOTE
“Morale is the state of mind. It is steadfastness and courage and hope. It is confidence and zeal and loyalty. It is elan, esprit de corps and determination.”
General George Catlett Marshall quotes (American military commander during WWII 1880-1959)
Empire: Total War isn't your typical RTS. Units don't just fight to their deaths. You need only break the will of man to fight to win a battle. Sun Tzu said something to that extent. To understand the the effects of morale on your amy lets look at a few facts.
It has to be mentioned that different units have different base levels of morale. Elite units have higher morale and are harder to break. Units of different nationalities have different morale levels too with the British and French line infantry being better than average. Let us look at the factors that contribute to positive and negative morale:
Positive Morale:
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Inspired by nearby unit: Your troops gain a morale bonus when a general OR elite unit is nearby them. This is an important factor and will influence your battlefield maneuvers a lot. Elite unit are more than just kick ass units in this case. In fact you should use them as an inspiration for your troops.
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Friendly units nearby: As long as you keep units close together, they will receive a bonus for this.
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Flanks secured: When in formation, units in the center gain from this bonus. That is why it is difficult to route units in the center and focusing your attacks on the flanks can route units faster. Although this shouldn't mean you should always do this.
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Encouraged by high ground: Units placed on high ground gain a bonus morale on top of the advantage of being on higher ground and less combat fatigue.
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Encouraged winning current combat: Any unit that is winning a combat situation is gains a bonus.
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Encouraged by routing enemy units: Seeing enemy units route will spur your men forward to victory
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Encouraged general alive: As long as your general is alive, he will give your troops a morale bonus(on top of inspiring them)
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Encouraged charging: Units that are charging gain a small morale bonus for being in a frenzied CHARGE! state.
Negative Morale:
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Outnumbered by enemy: While the sight of seeing an enemy that outnumbers you significantly might frighten your men. It should never lessen your resolve as great generals in our history never faltered under these circumstances. Alexander didn't quake in his boots upon seeing a large Persian army.
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Concerned by friends routing: This is important. The army that has its first routed unit is in a severe disadvantage. A cunning general can inflict huge damage by using this as a sign to start a charge.
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Concerned under small arms fire: Being fired upon is not a nice thing.
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Concerned by recent casualties: A unit will get a small morale penalty upon taking casualties(very small penalty)
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Concerned of casualties sustained: An army that has sustained heavy casualties will have a severe morale penalty.
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Concerned losing current combat-
Exhausted: units that are beyond tired should be rested. Pushing men beyond their limits wont help their spirits.
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Under artillery fire: The sheer sight of a cannon battery and the sound they made was enough to dampen the spirits of men.
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Frightened by enemy unit: Some units are a frightening presence. Elephants are big and make an odd sound. The sight of a charging elephant can break the will of even the bravest of men.
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Concerned attack from the rear: Obvious. Should avoid being in this situation and try to force this on your enemy. Even when outnumbered. Attacking the rear can turn a battle on its head.
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Concerned attacked from the flank: Same as above
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Concerned General dead: The loss of a general is a huge factor that can route an entire enemy if not careful. It is imperative to keep him alive. Doing this to your enemy might just win you the battle.
With that in mind, it must be reminded that having a strong formation is important to getting morale bonuses but not necessarily the only way to wage war. By being aware at the status of your troops morale you need to use deploy them to reduce the effect of negative morale.
Vice versa, you can take advantage of the enemies weakening morale.