Yes, fine print is written in your loan agreement.
Base rates are rate set within individual bank itself and changes to the rate aren’t directly intervened by the central bank alike BLR. Base rate differed across different banks and the rates are set depending on bank own efficiencies in lending; means to the bank liking itself.
Base rate comprising of:
Base rate(Benchmark cost of Funds + SRR) + Spread (profit margin, operating cost, liquidity risk, credit risk)= Effective lending rate
Base rate + Spread = Effective Lending rate
*We always look at the effective lending rate for our final loan interest charge*
Base rate:
a) Benchmark cost of funds are adjusted by banks itself depends on its own valuation of its lending ability.
b) Statutory Reserve Requirement (SRR) are the minimum bank reserve quota set by BNM.
Spread
c) Spread is the margin of profit that banks set according to the borrower risk value.
Fun facts:
1. Base rate is different across different banks.
2. When OPR adjusted by BNM, Base rate wouldn’t bulge.
Base rate would either stay neutral or increase, depends on bank owns decision. Base rate could even change without OPR altered.
3. SRR is the reserve requirement that bank needs to uphold, set by BNM. It’s a liquidity management. When BNM believes economy is prospering and lack of funds, it may reduce SRR requirement to keep less money as reserves in bank and have bank lend more fund out for economic activities. This lead to higher loan growth. The changes of Base rate can reflect the effectiveness of Government Monetary Policy.
4. Spread are defined according to the borrower risk profile, but spread rate are mainly fixed when display to public, as most of the borrower holds almost identical risk.
5. Base rate will be adjusted every 3 months, it’s following KLIBOR. Every 3 months we will witness a changes in bank base rate
Example:
Jan OCBC rate 4.02
April OCBC rate 3.92
6. Spread rate will not change and is fixed till the end of the loan tenure
7. even when base rate is superbly low, the effective lending rate in the end could be higher.
Example:
Maybank: Base rate 3.2% + Spread 1.5% =4.7%
OCBC: Base rate 4.02%+ Spread 0.5%=4.52%
It all boil's down on the spread given, hence do look at the effective lending rate instead!!! Shop around and ask your mortgage agent.
Base rate
Pro
a) Greater competition between banks
b) Higher transparency, as bank will display their profit margin and bank lending efficiency
c) Bank loan rate changes will have a higher correlation with Malaysia market economy and OPR.
d) Better indication in monetary policy changes.
Cons
a) Uncertainty. Rate will change every 3 months’ time.
2) Base rate is following KLIBOR.
5) When OPR adjusted by BNM, Base rate wouldn’t bulge.
Firstly, every bank has to set their own policy that governs the setting of base rate (BR), the monitoring, what circumstances which may trigger a review, the pricing components (ie the spread) etc. It depends on the policy set by the respective banks how frequent a review on the BR is required and under what circumstances (other than the periodic review) that warrants a review and revision on BR. The bank may not necessarily use KLIBOR as the benchmark cost of funds in determining BR though most banks do so. When there is a hike / cut in OPR, it is very likely that the BR will be adjusted accordingly, in the same direction of movement though quantum may or may not be the same. Nevertheless, if a bank BR uses says KLIBOR as reference benchmark, KLIBOR may have moved ahead of OPR (if the market has widely anticipated OPR change in the next monetary policy meeting), and that may trigger a change in BR ahead of OPR change.
Lastly, the bank displays the BR and the spread but unless ones has privy access, hardly any one knows how much the profit margin charged in the spread.