(1)
that's why construction is not a one man show things. u can't complete with ur own knowledge. but it's important to know ur role. Few role that might explain ur doubt is follow,
Architect - Artistic mindset and he/she don't have to consider much abt possibility as that is not his/her job. their role is architecture of the building, which mean how building will look like.
Engineer - Make the design of Architect viable by putting the column here and there to cater the shape Architect want. if it's impossible to design that way (eg. maybe the column span is too far and not possible to design the architecture architect want), he will advise on architect and architect have to change the element.
Project Management Consultant - this is the part where it make all parties into 1. makesure all the consultants and main contractor are coordinated when come to contractual issue and work issue.

in some project, there don't have project management consultant (to save money) and architect will take that role.

there are more parties involve like interior designer, landscape architect, lighting consultant, façade design consultant and etc. below video very well in demonstrate on different parties expertise and their concern of things. and very hilarious also. I like how they bring up this issue



(2)
those hole or whatsoever is due to poor workmanship or underground earth movement. when come to workmanship the work probably not well executed. example not really well compacted b4 laying of pre-mix (aka tar road). the other case is like because of u have construction that doing earthwork at adjacent building, underground soil will have movement due to gravity force to replace the void as adjacent building removing some earth, that cause hollow underneath and hole will definitely form once vehicle run on top. there are many reasons la

I not involve. certainly it's possible to have 90k a unit. all opt for cheaper variant of finishing. china tile, cement sand brick, and etc.

let me ask see if my friend have do or not. he is PE and frequently doing submission for his client.

those KTV think is those subcon-maincon low level kind of entertainment. u haven't saw consultant entertain client representative by inviting them to a high end penthouse and do lot of hanky panky kind of stuff there. or the other level, developer entertain banking officer.

no idea. I didn't go to those place 1.
mostly hearsay.

if normal lunch or dinner usually would be fine for me to go la. sometimes maybe ask them sponsor on company event. hanky panky stuff is big nono to me

good that u have curiosity

it's like the following picture. SFL mean slab finish level (eg. level 1), so the steel bar will come out from the slab with length 52D (meaning 52 x bar diameter, if the bar is 32Ø then the steel bar have to come out 1664mm from floor concrete). so when they wanna cast another storey, they will lap this steel bar then cast concrete again to continue.


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what hint I gave?

IEM part 3? or ISM?

Prime cost is a contract client negotiate with a subcontractor namely nominated subcontractor. after negotiate the price, they put the subcontractor under main contractor and compel main contractor to award the works to him. by doing this, main contractor have no control over price but merely a certain percentage of profit and attendance. usually 3% mark up. good thing is the nominated subcontractor have a privity of contract established with client, so if the nominated is defaulted, main contractor can recover the cost from client if it is not enough to recover from nominated subcontractor.

Provisional sum is the sum allowed for the trade that is still uncertain during tender stage. as those work couldn't defined until the construction is commence.


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this 1 is more toward tensile strength. which is vertical loading. when come to lateral load, usually will use shear wall instead of column la. more structural element. only high rise wil encounter horizontal force

yes, but transportation of sand to KL, I ain't sure the price still competitive or not.

Tasek is limestone

ic. must be very rich

RM33/tonne is quite competitive.

3 1/2 storey is really nothing actually. u only need to get approval from local authority and then structural can design for u.

yes. every profession play a role there

(1)
definitely would be cheap logically. but at the small qty of building material, I doubt u will get competitive price. so at the end will come back to square

(2)
if u refer to those kampong wooden house (old generation type), then it's cheaper than brick.

all hill are same. when come to hill the risk is there. higher competency of professional require to ensure not overlook all the risk when constructing that.

yeah if price is an option to them. if u can build at golden triangle and RM50 per night per room, shouldn't be problem. I doubt u can even survive v that