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Miniature Schnauzer
The Miniature Schnauzer is a breed of small dog of the Schnauzer type that originated in Germany in the mid-to-late 19th century. Miniature Schnauzers developed from crosses between the Standard Schnauzer and one or more smaller breeds such as the Poodle or Affenpinscher. The breed remains one of the most popular, and as of 2007 is the 11th most popular breed in the U.S
History of MIniature Schnauzer
The earliest records surrounding development of the Miniature Schnauzer in Germany come from the late 1800s. They were originally bred to be farm dogs in Germany, to keep the rats and other vermin out of the barn. In the breed's earliest stages, several small breeds were employed in crosses to bring down the size of the well-established Standard Schnauzer, with the goal of creating a duplicate in miniature. Crossing to other breeds, such as the Affenpinscher, Poodle and Miniature Pinscher, had the side effect of introducing colors that were not considered acceptable to the ultimate goal — and as breeders worked towards the stabilization of the gene pool, mismarked particolors (mixed colors) and white puppies were removed from breeding programs.
The earliest recorded Miniature Schnauzer was in 1888, and the first exhibition was in 1899. With their bold courage, the Miniature Schnauzer was originally used for guarding herds, small farms, and families. As time passed, they were also used to hunt rats, because they appeared to have a knack for it, and its small size was perfect to get into tight places to catch them.
The AKC accepted registration of the new breed in 1926, two years after they were introduced to the United States. The American Kennel Club groups this breed with the Terriers as it was developed for a similar purpose and has a similar character to the terrier breeds of the Britain and Ireland. The Miniature Schnauzer was recognized by the United Kennel Club in 1948. The United Kingdom Kennel club however, does not accept the Miniature Schnauzer as a true Terrier because it does not originate from the terrier breeds of the British Isles. Like the Tibetan Terrier and Boston Terrier it lists the Miniature Schnauzer in the Utility group for shows run under the UK Kennel Club rules such as Crufts. The FCI accepts the Schnauzer breeds but, again, does not list the Miniature Schnauzer as a Terrier.
Appearance
Miniature Schnauzers normally have a small, squarely proportioned build, measuring 12 to 14 inches (30 to 36 cm) tall and weighing between 11 and 15 pounds (5.0 and 6.8 kg). They have a double coat. The exterior fur is wiry and the undercoat is softer. The coat is trimmed short on the body, but the longer hair on ears, legs, and edge of the body, a.k.a. the "furnishings", are retained. They can be found with various colorations, including salt & pepper, black & silver, and black. White may also be found, though this color is not recognized in some countries. Miniature Schnauzers are often described as non-shedding dogs, and while this is not entirely true, their shedding is minimal and generally unnoticeable. They are characterized by a long head with bushy beard, mustache and eyebrows; teeth that meet in a 'scissor bite'; oval and dark colored eyes; and v-shaped, natural forward-folding ears. (When cropped, the ears point straight upward and come to a sharp point.) Their tails are naturally thin and short, and may be docked. They will also have very straight, rigid front legs, and feet that are short and round (so-called "cat feet") with thick, black pads
Temperament
The Official Standard of the Miniature Schnauzer describes temperament as "Alert and spirited, yet obedient to command. Friendly, intelligent and willing to please. They should never be overaggressive or timid."[3] As such they tend to be excellent watchdogs. They are often guarded of strangers until the owners of the home welcome the guest, upon which they are typically very friendly to them. "Miniature Schnauzers are not by nature aggressive, as are some of their Terrier cousins. They should be relatively fearless. Once mature, the Schnauzer has a strongly developed territorial instinct. They are ideal guard dogs as they defend vocally rather than physically. ... A good Schnauzer will bark at anyone who may appear a threat to his home. ... Schnauzers are not random, incessant barkers. They are discriminating and intelligent guard dogs that assume this duty naturally."[5]
The breed is generally good with children, recognizing that they need gentle play. Miniature Schnauzers are generally highly intelligent and easy to train. They are highly playful dogs, and if not given the outlet required for their energy they can become bored and invent their own "fun".
Schnauzers are highly prey driven (as benefits a ratting dog), and will attack other small pets such as birds and rodents. Many will also attack cats, but this may be curbed if the dog is raised with cats from a young age.
Health
While generally a healthy breed, Miniature Schnauzers may suffer health problems associated with high fat levels. Such problems include hyperlipidemia, which may increase the possibility of pancreatitis, though either may form independently. Other issues which may affect this breed are diabetes, bladder stones and eye problems. Feeding the dog low- or non-fatty and unsweetened foods may help avoid these problems. All Miniature Schnauzers should have their ears checked regularly and dried out after swimming due to a risk of infection, especially those with uncropped ears.
Cropped ear
Ear cropping, or cosmetic otoplasty, is performed on the ears of certain breeds of dogs to meet breed specifications. This procedure is done on Schnauzers, Miniature Pinscers, Dobermans, Boxers, Pit Bulls, Boston Terriers and Great Danes. However, if you own one of these breeds, you do not have to have this surgery preformed.
There is some controversy about this procedure because it is viewed as an unnecessary surgery for cosmetic purposes only. Veterinarians in Britain do not perform this surgery at all and the procedure is not taught in many veterinary teaching institutions. We offer this surgery because it is our belief that it strengthens the human-animal bond for our pets to look a certain way. Many of these breeds will look just as handsome without having their ears cut. However, I’m sure that many of you will agree that Dobermans and Great Danes are two breeds that have a completely different appearance based upon whether their ears are trimmed.
Regardless of the trimming standard, all ears cannot be trimmed alike. Variations are justified in any breed, and shape and length of the ear vary with the sex and conformation of the individual dog. The type of ear trim performed here is a ‘straight’ cut following the natural curve of the ear. This hospital does not perform ‘show cuts’. We encourage you to discuss with the Doctor or Technician your preferences on ear width and length prior to surgery.
Schnauzer 2/3 of ear left
Boxer 2/3 to ¾ of ear left
Doberman ¾ of ear left
Great Dane ¾ to 7/8 of ear left
Min Pin 2/3 to ¾ of ear left
Pit Bulls 3/5 of ear left (this is not a ‘fighting’ cut)
Boston Terrier ¾ to full trim
General Considerations
The surgery is performed at 12 weeks of age. Sometimes the surgery can be done at a later age, however, the chance of the ear successfully standing after surgery decreases with age. Even when performed at 12 weeks of age there is no guarantee that both ears will stand erect after surgery. Surgery only shapes the ear. Whether or not the ear stands up well has to do with the strength of the ear cartilage. At this age, the cartilage can usually be trained to stand erect.
All puppies having this procedure performed need to be in general good health and current on vaccinations. If a puppy is malnourished, heavily parasitized, and in poor condition, the surgery will be delayed until the health of the puppy is improved. The stress of anesthesia and surgery may suppress the puppy’s immune system and may increase susceptibility to infection.
Post Operative Care
Many ears fail to stand because of improper after-care. Scarring of the cut edge can produce undesirable effects such as contraction of the ear margin or unsightly blemishes. Immediately after surgery your pet will have its ears taped to an aluminum can or a foam block. Sutures will be removed in two weeks. Ideally, the ears will stay in position on the apparatus until then. If, however, they do not remain taped in position—please do not tape your pet’s ears at home; instead, bring your pet to us. If the tape is applied too tightly, it can interfere with blood supply and potentially cause part of the ear to die.
The number of ear wraps needed for the ears to stand varies based upon breed and individual cartilage strength. Three additional ear racks (wraps) are included with the price of your pet’s surgery. There will be an extra charge for additional ear wraps. Most puppies will need to be sedated for the ear wrap procedure. These ear wraps are usually needed from three to six weeks but may be necessary for as long as three to four months in some pets.
Your pet will be given an injection for pain control at the time of surgery. Your pet will also be sent home with the following medication—anti-inflammatory for pain control, sedative to keep the ear wraps in place, and antibiotics to help prevent infection.
Potential Complications
The biggest potential complication is one or both ears failing to stand. Other potential complications include moist dermatitis, irritation of the skin secondary to the tape adhesive, ear infection, scarring and immune suppression.
Please consult your vet regarding the ear cropping procedures.
Cropped ear miniature schnauzer
Uncropped ear miniature schnauzer
The Heredity of Colour in Miniature Schnauzers
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There are three colours accepted for the Miniature Schnauzer:
salt-and-pepper
black-and-silver
solid black
While white and parti-colour have historically occurred, these undesirable recessives are probably eradicated from today's important lines.
Salt-and-pepper includes all shades, from light to very dark. The standard states no preference, nor does it penalize the tan shading that can appear with this colour. The important factor is the distinct bands of colour found on the wire hairs. These may be any combination of black, grey, white or tan. (Clippering removes the wire coat and with it, the colour bands. The dog will eventually become the solid colour of its undercoat, but whether almost white or black, it is still a salt-and-pepper).
The black-and-silver grows solid black wire on the body. Dogs of good colour will also carry a black overlay into the leg furnishings and masking on the face. A black undercoat is essential.
Likewise with solid blacks. This colour presents the most difficulty for the exhibitor, as the colour intensity of the wire jacket is usually superior to that of the clippered areas and leg furnishings, which are scissored. It is by no means certain that a black coat will also have a black undercoat to go with it! A black coat with a light grey undercoat (thus light grey legs!) really presents a challenge to the groomer.
Black-and-silver is recessive to the other colours. To be of this colour, a puppy must receive the gene from each parent. When black-and-silver parents are mated together, the result is 100 percent black-and-silver offspring.
Salt-and-pepper is dominant to black-and-silver. A salt-and-pepper may carry the gene for black-and-silver and produce the colour when mated to another carrier. There is a marker trait that often identifies theses carriers - a small white spot of white directly above the nose!
Black is dominant over the other colours. To be black, a puppy must have at least one black parent. A homozygous black will produce only black puppies, regardless of the colour of its mate.
For several years, the CKC has been accepting the registrations of black Mini Schnauzers born to non-black parentage. Repeated correspondence with the registrar seems to have resulted in no action. The CKC regularly cancels Labrador Retriever litters when black puppies are reported from yellow parents, yet it continues to register equally questionable blacks in our breed.
By the time a puppy is ready for individual registrations, it is old enough that its colour can be identified. At best, these discrepancies reveal appalling ignorance on the part of the breeder. At worst, falsification must be suspected.
One would hope that the powers that be at the CKC would begin to pay a little more interest to a situation that undermines the integrity of the registry.
[sources from http://www.mscc.ca/article.html]
This post has been edited by iluv2zzz: Sep 27 2009, 02:36 PM
Sep 27 2009, 02:08 PM, updated 13y ago
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