The question is from kingkingyyk. Perhaps we should let him clarify here. It is the notation for composite function.

According to the syllabus, this is under relation.
Meanwhile, there is another chapter called as function.

I wonder are they the same?

You have missed out (3,4)? 
(2,4)o(3,2) => (3,4)

By the way, does it mean that the working is same with the mapping of functions?
The lecturer made the things really blur, the ways she did in lecture note and tutorial answer are different

Owh, that clarifies everything. 

Here's another question, according to the lecturer :
Question 1 :
How many ways to arrange all alphabets in M A T H E M A T I C S such that the vowels are together.
Consonents : M T H M T C S => 7
Vowels : A E A I => 1
Answer = (7+1)! = 8!

Question 2 :
How many different ways to arrange all alphabets in M A T H E M A T I C S such that the vowels are together.
Consonents : M T H M T C S => 7
Vowels : A E A I => 4
Answer = (8!/2!2!) x (4!/2!)

Do you know what is the difference?  I think they are the same (Question 1 answer should be same with Question 2 answer).

I have no problem on such kind of question. Just wondering how did she manage to give such answer on question 1. 
Seems illogical to me. AEAI should have 4! right?
Without taking the repetition into account, we should get 8! x 4! instead. 

It was planned in the syllabus but end up lecturer didn't teach. 

Thank you for your detailed explanation , as always . I thought it would only involve simple trigonometry since the professor said " I will not derive it here , assuming that you're comfortable with this " . Now this clears things up in a way , I'd have to seriously start studying Matrices now since it's used extensively in Physics .

I purchased the STPM Math T book already , and I must admit that your tutorials are much more easier to follow , and compact ( Comparing notes for Complex Numbers ) . Whereas the book has concepts cluttered , plus the presentation sounds more like a typical reference book instead of a conversational textbook . Let's just hope I can understand the explanations on Matrices or else I'd need help from videos on youtube .

I find it odd that STPM stuffs a lot of topics in one chapter , namely Functions . I don't quite understand why Trigonometry is not given a separate treatment , everything including the trig identities and double angle formulas are found in the Functions chapter . 

I'm a little bit disappointed with the Modern Physics part in STPM , Special Relativity is never mentioned , and I think they should have at least mentioned quarks in passing .

Just want to clarify with v1n0d. Isn't the application of four-color theorem shown on the cover of the book?

Is there any ausmat syllabus discussed here?

Sorry la working already. If there are any specific questions I'd be glad to answer. But not a class la haha

Actually even for uni students alot of them don't need to bother with Excel. I don't think Excel is really important unless you're into modeling. Many companies do use excel, but on a very limited basis. It's just simple the spreadsheet and charting program that comes with Office. Most statistical analysis is easier done with statistical software. And those companies will have them as well. Excel is only good if you've a data set and you're not quite sure how you wanna structure it yet, or you want to make use of the formulas and macros which are not available in statistical packages.

From the educational point of view. I disagree that people should start with SPSS. It seems to be very easy to use because it has a good graphical interface, but that's deceptive. A introductory statistics course normally teaches very little statistical theory and is application based. They also provide the students with a well structured data set.

In reality however, data is never well structured. The data collection has to be designed carefully or in the case where we get the data from secondary sources, structured properly to fit our analytical objectives. Diff structure = different results.

Also, the person should understand their data (nominal, ordinal, ratio), the distribution of their data (normal, exp, cyclic, parabolic).

Finally they need to understand what mathematical manipulation is being performed each statistical analysis. The math isn't hard and they don't need to be able to compute by hand, just understand what happens.

So using R or SAS is a better learning tool since it forces you to think about what you're really doing.

A quick survey online shows a few popular statistics packages with R is a freeware, and the rest are commercial: Excel Analysis ToolPak, MiniTab, SAS, SPSS, STATA.

By the way, I believe that engineers and scientists in all disciplines should take at least one course in statistics. Unfortunately, because of other requirements, most engineers will only take one elementary statistics course, in which the essential materials cannot be covered in one semester.

How should we address this issue as we know it?

Critical_Fallacy

What does it mean to integrate differentials , like dy , or dx ?

Ex :

intg dy = y + c

I fully agree with you that the Malaysian education system is lagging behind badly. I am a product of the Malaysian eduction system and is currently at university, the singaporean here much better in almost every aspect from problem solving to critical thinking. I felt ashamed on our education system that has not prepare me vigorously for university education system. Our not up to standard education can be felt strong in university levels and it will be an eye opener and eye opener. Singaporean tend to be better with problem solving, they know how to apply the concept to solve problems of different condition and their thinking process is much faster. I would strongly recommend anyone to pursue their education of any level, from primary to university at Singapore, although it may be costly, but i would say it will be worth it because you will no struggle much. I'm truly sad, dissapointed and frustrated with the Malaysian edu standard on being not on par to prepare the young talent of tomorrow leaders to compete in the world arena.

If students rely on rote memorization, then much “learning” would surely disappear for most of them. In fact, it may be difficult to achieve consensus on an ideologically free conception of mathematics curriculum. Mathematics is constructed according to specific cultural, mathematical, pedagogical and political agendas, and its various features are a function of these diverse concerns. I'm not a Mathematics Teacher, but I'd propose the UK's National Numeracy Strategy, which I believe a “very useful” framework for supplementing the Mathematics curriculum in the Education System of Malaysia.

http://www.edu.dudley.gov.uk/primary/Strat...nsdocuments.htm

v1n0d

Yesterday night when I was in bed thinking , it suddenly dawned on me that what you've shown me explains why  ∫ dy = y +c .

There is a hidden '1' in between the integral sign and dy !

∫ 1 dy = y + c

Thanks !

I learnt MS Office from my secondary school from Form1 to Form3 at school last time. 14years ago.
All students are compulsory to take MS Office.
That time, I'm exposed to learn those qwerty layout typing using correct method.

So, your point mean current education system in Malaysia is getting weaker.
For programming, I would say, learn more the math first before going to programming is better.
Strong foundations in logics and math algorithm are the correct way.
Unless what they learn is those markup languages, simple script languages.

Exposure to new technology always recommended.

Hi guys, just studied probability, have a tough time with conditional probability and independent events, is there anyone here who have a technique on how to master this topic?? Dont mind treating them a drink for your effort!

Hello guys, I'm back with some maths difficulty
:'( , let's say you found the mean, variance and standard deviation for a set of data and if i were to add an extra number to the set of data, how would it affect the variance,sd etc. I'm pretty sure this question is very familiar to many of you, is there any notes for this kind of question? This is one example of question that i encounter: suppose there was a test and the mean mark for 100 student is 60 with standard deviation of 13. A new script is marked, without taking any calculation how do you think the standard deviation will be affected if the new script is marked at i)40 ii)48 iii)56 iv)64 v) 80. Here is my understanding on standard deviation since the mean is 60 and has a standard deviation of 13 which mean that the average mark lie between 47 to 73 (60-13, 60+13), so for 40 since it is below 47 hence the standard deviation rise, for 48 56 and 64 the standard deviation falls since they are closer to the mean value and for 80 the standard deviation rise because it is bigger than (73). Is my logic correct or wrong? If not how do i process this question? Thanks in advance! Cheers

Hi Critical_Fallacy,

Do you come across A.I before? You have strong profile in Robotics and you live through World War 2 before.
I want to ask about some decision making process so I can utilise it in development.
Such as Markov, RL, Q-learning.
I think this is a math questions too.
Thanks.

My question may be subjective..
Want to ask what's the current new algorithm for decision making process?
For conventional method learnt last time, I learnt about Markov/Hidden Markov.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov_decision_process
As time passes, I think there should have more variants to Markov and new one.
I want to know the name of the new algorithm so I can research how it works in World Wide Web and apply it afterwards.

Thanks.

I learnt before for the A star, other than that... I was 1st time hear about fortune, D star, etc.

About the book you recommend, I read through it just now, and I couldn't understand what the book want to tell me about. For example in the chapter 3: Introduction to Markov Decision Process, really confusing and short explanation which rendered it very uninteresting. More or less like a reference book. 
It makes an interesting topic become uninteresting. Just my honest opinion.

I'm looking for "How it works?". Thanks for the topics given, will research it soon.
Currently reading the book called "Artificial Intelligence - A modern Approach 3rd edition."

This textbook is fairly big and thick in my library shelf.

If you want a non-rigorous mathematical treatment of Markovian Decision Process, try reading Operations Research books because the prerequisites are basic knowledge of Markov chains, Linear programming, and Probabilistic dynamic programming.

hi guys got 1-2 question tht got me cracking my head and banging on the floor...hope sifu can help shed some light on this...

SOLVE THE DE OF (2y+3x)dx + (y-x)dy =0

(12) (3x^3 - 2x^2(y)+3y^2(x))dx= 4xy^2 dy