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 Ask my anything about tires, I am a tire engineer

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mdziaf
post Sep 3 2022, 07:12 PM

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QUOTE(Sycamore @ Sep 3 2022, 02:40 PM)
Hello.

My front Tyre develops a bulge. Is this safe to drive?
Just noticed it this morning. 🙁

user posted image
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You need to replace your tires. A buldge is an indicator that the carcass has a tear. Since the carcass is what carries the load of the tire its best to change your tires.

Curious tho what tire you are using? Not often to see a UNECE R117 marked tires made in Malaysia unless its a new tire you got with the car from the factory.
mdziaf
post Sep 6 2022, 11:48 PM

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QUOTE(epjx31 @ Sep 6 2022, 10:47 PM)
2. Bulge
When talking about bulges you have to be careful what bulge you are talking about. Bulges which blow up like a balloon is extremely dangerous as this means you have some damage as air can push through that area to form a bulge. However I'd the bulge is in the opposite direction, (intended inside) this is totally fine as this is caused by overlapping of the ply during production. Structurally your tire is in tact and there is not safety issues.

Hope this helps
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Just to add on to this: there are tolerances for how much indentation is allowed. Although structurally fine and safe, if noticed by the consumer, it will cause undue concerns by the end user - such as what has happened to you Vsmh. Usually these indentation falls under QC issues, and would be grounds for claims. But each manufacturers have different requirements for what is allowed and what is not, so your mileage will vary. You could try to go to a different dealer to see if they would be willing to submit a complaint on your behalf. But if your tires have already been used, don’t expect a 1-to-1 replacement.
mdziaf
post Sep 7 2022, 02:18 PM

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QUOTE(zeng @ Sep 7 2022, 12:50 PM)
Interesting to note that there are tolerances acceptable in bulge/indentations and its size externally and/or internally(?) by QC .

Care to elaborate more on the QC tolerances in question or better still, if there are online resource on said acceptable tolerances?
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Well i can only give a general idea of it from my experience and to cover my butt incase i give too many details.

Imagine welding two pieces of iron together. If you put too much weld material you end up with two pieces that have a big buldge at the connecting point. If you put too little you have a joint that curves inwards on itself. And if you put just the right amount it will be almost perfect (smooth to the touch but if you zoom in closer it may still be too little or too much). The same can be said with the joining of rubber materials. And hence why there must be some QC checks to make sure its not going to be an issue - both in terms of safety and in terms of customer complaints.

To be honest I doubt you will find any online resources because these would be very company specific.
mdziaf
post Sep 7 2022, 09:34 PM

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QUOTE(Vsmh @ Sep 7 2022, 08:44 PM)
Some times i wonder if the tire shop knew of such things (and thus took the opportunity to sell) or they really think its a safety issue.
Id agree on tolerances. Tire shop said no warranty one lah, Perodua said have but need to deal directly with manufacturer. Manufacturer (Silverstone) has kinda shut down (and they were pushing me back to Perodua), later found out they are now made and handled by Toyo tires, they were of the opinion that it was within spec and normal. All these created a perfect storm since i travel long distance and if 3/4 of my tires had a "bulge" as the tire shop called them, i was not willing to risk a single pop on the highway @ high speeds.
Just a bit of backstory, tires were within warranty period, ran for about 20K km. Now i have 4 extra tires because of this episode.
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Yea in your case Silverstone has closed down and replaced by Toyo. Maybe the buldge we are talking about are different type of buldge - since you seem to imply that 3 of your tires that came with your car has this issue. To me that doesnt seem to be very likely. Tires going to a car manufacturer would need to pass through the tire manufacturer’s QC and then again through the car manufacturer’s receiving QC department before again another round of QC before the car leaves the car factory. So maybe thats why you arent gettng anywhere with your request.
mdziaf
post Sep 8 2022, 10:29 AM

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QUOTE(dudester @ Sep 8 2022, 09:29 AM)
So is Silverstone = Toyo?
Didnt like Silverstone before but I like Toyo now!
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More info here:
https://www.tyrepress.com/2021/02/toyo-clos...nt-in-malaysia/
mdziaf
post Sep 8 2022, 10:35 AM

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QUOTE(BoomerangCircles @ Sep 7 2022, 09:38 PM)
what is the averange max speed for a new tyre to turn a corner without loosing the floor grip?
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Short answer: it depends

Long answer: your question is like asking how fast can an engine go?

For the case of the engine it depends on how much power the engine can output, the gear ratio of the gearbox, the size of the tire on the car, the aerodynamics of the car body etc.

For the case of a tire it depends on the weight of the car, the turning angle of the corner, the compound used in the tire, the suspension setup, the road condition etc. Change one thing and it will effect the speed you can take the corner.

But if driving on public roads, keep to the speed limit and drive sensibly. If wet then drive cautiously, because you dont want to be at the limit of grip around a corner only to realize you need to avoid an obstacle etc.
mdziaf
post Sep 11 2022, 10:09 AM

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QUOTE(BoomerangCircles @ Sep 10 2022, 10:21 PM)
Sad, I ask tyre he answer safety and cars and not related to tyre…..

Normal condition, corner maintain 60-80km/h will pass. If the tyre sound. Then reduce the speed. That’s what I get from testing and testing. Of course testing on when no traffic around.
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You do know that tire squealing isn't a sign that you are at the limit of grip but more indicative of improper input from the driver when taking a corner and/or bad car alignment and/or under inflated tires.

If the tires are worn down, then yes the tire can start to squeal if you are asking similar lateral G performance from the tire like when it was new. But since you were asking for brand new tire performance this doesn't apply.

So again you might think you are doing things safely since no one is around, but bad alignment/improper inflation can lead to sudden loss of control. If you really want to test your car do it on the track.
mdziaf
post Nov 2 2022, 07:09 PM

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QUOTE(chemistry @ Nov 2 2022, 02:12 AM)
Hi TS,
I notice most tires have this label regarding "steel, polyamide, nylon, polyester"...
Different tires have different combination.
Could you enlighten us what does it mean? and their pros & cons?
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QUOTE(littlefire @ Nov 2 2022, 03:15 PM)
Just to add so that it answers your question directly:

The number indicates how much of that material is present. There are two places where this is checked and labelled:
1. The tread counts the number of material if you cut through the tire directly in the middle
2. The sidewall counts the number of material as you cut through the sidewall

So for example:
Tread: 1 polyester + 2 steel + 2 nylon
Sidewall 2 polyester


This means that there is 1 polyester body ply at the middle of the tire followed by 2 layers of steel belts and finally 2 layers of nylon cap material that is present at the center of the tire (from bottom to top)

At the sidewall there is 2 layers of body ply material. In this case it is the same ply material that is found at the center but wrapped around by the bead and runs up the sidewall.

Different tires will have different combination of body ply, and nylon cap depending on its speed rating and required performances. All car tires will have 2 layers of steel belts.
mdziaf
post Nov 3 2022, 02:13 PM

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QUOTE(chemistry @ Nov 3 2022, 12:49 AM)
Thanks for this detailed explanation.
What I noticed was, in the budget tire category, say Toyo CR1 / Conti CC6 / Hankook Kinergy / GY Triplemax etc, each has different combinations of tread/sidewall. Tire manufacturer does not publish this info in their website. We only got to know the info when look at actual tire.
Based on your experience, what are the best combinations for a budget tire?
TQ Sir notworthy.gif
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Yes I wouldn't expect them to publish because even if the same tire size e.g. 185/55R15 under the same company - the tire construction will vary depending on again the speed symbol of the tire and the performances required. The best combination is actually the one that is on the actual tire as that combination has been tested and will meet all the regulatory and safety requirements set by the company and by the law.
mdziaf
post Nov 3 2022, 04:45 PM

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QUOTE(chemistry @ Nov 3 2022, 04:09 PM)
let say ,
Toyo CR1 : 1 Polyester + 1 steel + 2 nylon
Conti CC6 : 1 Polyester + 2 steel + 1 nylon

Could you teach us how to choose the better one? (regardless of their treadwear/dry/wet grip)

Thank you sir.
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It is not possible to say which is better just by comparing the number of polyester/steel/nylon written on the tire. So please don't try to look into these numbers too much. They are there mainly for legal purposes.

And just to give you an idea as to why it is not possible - There a multiple variations of polyester body ply that is used in a tire by a single manufacturer and each manufacturer uses their own variation. So even if you have two tires stating that they have 1 polyester body ply like your example, I cannot tell you which is better because i do not know what type of polyester are the using. The same goes for the steel belt material and the nylon cap.
mdziaf
post Jan 6 2023, 04:35 PM

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QUOTE(mick87 @ Jan 6 2023, 04:18 PM)
i thought this is RFT, harder sidewall should be ok to use and sustain though.
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Yes it has a harder sidewall but that white bit is already the carcass of the tire. There is a real risk of total tire burst if anything cuts the carcass.
mdziaf
post Jan 19 2023, 01:02 PM

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QUOTE(MISMan @ Jan 19 2023, 12:18 PM)
Hi,

Just to clarify that when tyreman said "it might explode was due to sudden high pressure release or something like that" (from his past experience). <- that was why i want to know if this can be true (or to what extent)

Thanks
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What your tyreman said is what epjx31 replied:

QUOTE(epjx31 @ Jan 19 2023, 10:26 AM)

The cause of concern is when you are running the tire at high speed, a sudden lose of pressure would force your tire to rotate without sufficient support as air is not longer present to withstand the load. Hence this cause a big "show" as your tire will degrade badly due to the high forces being exerted on it.
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The high pressure your tyreman mentioned is the air pressure in the tires (which is higher than ambient air pressure). A sudden loss of pressure is what is most concerning in your case.


mdziaf
post Jan 20 2023, 08:43 PM

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QUOTE(Natsukashii @ Jan 20 2023, 01:49 PM)
SC said tyre tread depth is 3mm. Not sure if it's center or shoulder. I'll have to measure it. If can use, I'll change when it's 2mm or below.

My concern.. I was worried because the way it looks on this area:

user posted image

Other areas are fine though. As you seen the earlier pictures, they look fine.

Not really looking into performance, of course change is better but if it's not necessary to change, prefer not change it.
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Feel free to still use it. There's plenty of thread depth remaining (1.6mm is the minimum legal requirement). Changing at 2mm is also a good practice during the rainy season.

With regards to the shoulder looking like it is, this is not a cause of concern. Just the rubber aging.
mdziaf
post Jan 25 2023, 03:10 PM

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QUOTE(minizian @ Jan 22 2023, 05:29 PM)
Dear Bro epjx31

Quick question:

1)I see you have tire upsize calculator, do you have possibility of the similar table for downsizing for those in the minority?

2)
-My car ori tires is 185/55R16 and now I am driving 195/50R16 with stock wheels. I plan to downsize but I not sure to go either 195/50R15 or 195/55R15?
-I tend to rempit the car so which size is better suited for it? (Seems liek PS3 would be my choice due to wet weather all rounder performance)
-Ideally I prefer to car have sharp response Also, can both sizes it fit onto 6J wheels?
-Will there be performance issue when driving 6J wheels hard attached with either 195/50 or 195/55 wheels?
-Does downsizing to 195/55 and 195/50 15 inch wheel violate the 3% rule of thumb?

3) You as engineer do you have access to super discounted tires?
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QUOTE(littlefire @ Jan 25 2023, 03:04 PM)
https://tiresize.com/comparison/

https://kereta.info/wheel-size-vs-tyre-size...dan-rim-sesuai/

Write so long, but no ask google about tire size comparison & sport rim width suitable tires?
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1 and 2 answered above


3 - shopee dan lazada is cheaper

mdziaf
post Jan 25 2023, 05:47 PM

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QUOTE(minizian @ Jan 25 2023, 03:43 PM)
Yeah, i did went through webpage to see if it suitable or not, and those page did answered my question

But I just need a person who have hands on experience on tire engineer to give his opinion.
3 - even if the person works in tire co? I am asking specifically if such discount exists if he/she working in tire co directly. Like those super cheap air fare for those working in airlines.
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My former company did provide staff discounts, but its rarely utilized. Like I said, you can get better deal on Shopee and Lazada compared to the staff discounts

QUOTE(littlefire @ Jan 25 2023, 04:01 PM)
Engineers usually did not mix with sales & marketing. Even if yes also consider insider trading which is not allow publicly.

If you want better offer go check their fb page or official distributor and ask few nearby tire shop for price comparison.
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Not to derail the thread but insider trading is only for securities not for items sold by the company sweat.gif
mdziaf
post Feb 20 2023, 04:52 PM

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QUOTE(littlefire @ Feb 20 2023, 11:01 AM)
Tell you really, you might think buying online can save on the tires.
But when u want to install, tire shop will charge higher in other way like balancing, workmanship & alignment.
Unless you got all the equipment's and can DIY than go for it, if not in the end also LPPL when you calculate overall cost.
Most Penang tire shop include all the balancing, workmanship & alignment cost into the tire cost thus you might felt expensive.
Ask the shop if they got include all these without any extra charges, if yes than it is worth paying it.
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At least in my experience i didnt have to pay anything. Just showed them my purchase history in the app and they did the work. No additional charges. Klang valley shop.
mdziaf
post Mar 1 2023, 07:10 PM

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QUOTE(((Xa))0102 @ Mar 1 2023, 02:03 PM)
That's even lower than the PS4S, unlike to consider that
What car tho?
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Just a friendly reminder that the UTQG isnt comparible between brands ya. 280 treadwear on a Michelin doesn't mean that it will wear out similar to a 280 on a Goodyear/Conti/Hankook etc.
mdziaf
post Mar 2 2023, 10:38 AM

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QUOTE(littlefire @ Mar 2 2023, 09:50 AM)
The UTQG is tested in lab & act as reference for buyers, in reality it depends on how the owner drive it.
Even with the same tire brand with different driver also can come out different results. Just imagine both same size Michelin Primacy 4 tires, 1 always layan corners at high speed & pick up like drag race from traffic lights, while another driver drive normally.. who will think it will last long? Simple logic.
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UTQG is a self certification type. This means that any manufacturer can declare whatever value they want as long as the TIRES WITHIN IT BRAND performs in line with what they have defined on a standard test track (example provided below). UTQG grading is govern by the US Department of Transport.

Example;
Let say tire manufacturer A has 4 tire lines name J, K, L & M and that, each is assigned a UTQG treadwear value of 100 200 300 and 400. As long as the results from the manufacturers' testing show thats M last 4 times longer than J (since M has 400, J is 100), L last 3 times longer than J, and K last 2 times longer than J, they grading is considered correct. All Manufacturer A has to do is to show the test results if the Department of Transport asks. Lets say tire line J achieves 40,000km in the treadwear test.

If Manufacturer B comes and does the same (and have the same rating for their tires J K L and M as A), but for thier tire J their results they got 20,000km. Their rating of 100, 200, 300 and 400 is still valid. Because between the tires within their brand their relative performance is reflective of their grade.

So in other words, you cannot compare the values of a treadwear rating between manufacturers.


Your comment about how the car is driven is still correct and will effect how long the tires will last.

Edit: just to make it clear, from the example: Manufacturer A's tire J has 100 Treadwear rating and lasts 40,000km on a standard test track, but it will perform similar to Manufacturer's B's Tire K that has 200 treadwear rating. All this because there is no standard reference in the UTQG treadwear rating, only relative performance within the respective tire manufacturer. Hence why its meaningless to compare treadwear rating between manufacturers.

This post has been edited by mdziaf: Mar 2 2023, 10:47 AM
mdziaf
post Aug 28 2023, 05:39 PM

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QUOTE(terratoss @ Aug 28 2023, 01:09 AM)
Hi to all, I got question to ask the tyre experts here.

My tyres bought on 2/10/21. When balancing, mechanic said can see tyre threads are not rotating straight. When tyres on balancing machine spinning, you can see the threads forming a wavy, left right pattern. Out of 4 tyres, 3 tyres showing certain degree of the wavy pattern. Mechanic also said 1 of the tyres not round anymore, slightly off shape but the feel of his hands and also mentioned no point balancing the tyres at current condition. Tyres also showing hairline cracks on the sidewall.

Are the above signs of issue with tyres or just something normal? I'm not sure if mechanic is falsely diagnosing the tyres?

I did went back to original tyre shop to ask seller how come tyres are like that. Not sure if they are pulling a fast one? They said the wavy pattern and hairline cracks are normal which also happen on other well known brand like michelin, bridgestone, etc. They also said if tyre really as mentioned, he wont be able to balance the tyres which he could balance it on his machine.
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This is gonna be a tough one this. Usually if a tire cannot be balanced, then its a uniformity issue - which for new tires, the tire shop shouldnt sell to you and instead sent the tire back for a warranty claim. But in your particular case, the tire is almost 2 years old now. So it might be a bit difficult to get a warranty claim from the manufacturer, but you could try nonetheless. The proper action is to go back to the original shop and ask them to balance the tire. If they can't, then ask if they can submit a warranty claim. But you will need to get a replacement tire if you do this.

The reason why I say it might be difficult to get a claim is:
1. the tire is already 2 years old
2. the issue may not be manufacturing but coming from day to day use

In any case, you mentioned that the 1st shop didn't do any balancing on that tire. What about the original tire shop? Did they balance the tire? If they didnt, then do you notice any vibration when you are driving? If you do not notice any vibration, the tire is "balanced" enough that you don't really need to be concerned.
mdziaf
post Aug 29 2023, 01:12 PM

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QUOTE(terratoss @ Aug 29 2023, 09:59 AM)
Original tyre shop balanced all 4 tyres for me. All can be balanced supposedly as I seen on their machine. But im not sure if other brands do have this phenomenon?
So far no vibration while at around 110km/h.
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In that case i dont think there is any issue with your tire. Most likely the shop that said your tire has issue is trying to get you to change tire based on how the tire looks i.e. wavy, got crack etc.

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