It is not necessary caused by cheap paint.
If the new wall cement is not left dry for enough time, even expensive paint will have problem.

Wiping the powder off the wall is the proper step but it is too tedious for big surface area.
For my case, I just paint over with new paint if the colour is same as old one. For different colour, I paint with primer/sealer first.
So far, it is still fine for many years.

If it is interior wall, you can paint anytime.