Regarding job hopping: Hop up the ladder, don't hop around the same height as if you're lost, short sighted rabbit who blindly follow the carrot.

Same apply to non-PR who just started working in Sg. Once you got your PR, you're in better position to nego, or change job.

I would suggest going for System Integrator / Distributor company. Ample of chance, freedom on training and skill development, and they could make use of your certification + (important) human skill. *They do accept fresh graduates.

PM me if you want more detail, I won't link you up nor recommend you. But I can give you company names.

He has no degree and probably started up with very low pay. And instead of 3 years of experience, one could have 1 year of experience repeated 3 times.

Depends on your current salary. Can be as low as 4k.

My friend's company recently changed all engineer title to supervisor to attract title hunting freshies. It has become all-supervisor-no-engineer company. Salary remains unchanged though.

To me, job scope and price tag are gold. You can register a RM100 sole propriety firm and named yourself Sales/Tech/Marketing Director.