QUOTE(hotjake @ Oct 12 2011, 04:07 PM)
Venerable Aggacitta taught me once in a dhamma camp (he was explaining the difference between samatha and vipassana to his students) but kinda difficult/din work for me or perhaps i should try harder lol. It's quite popular yes in burma and thailand.
Metta is very important to support vipassana; a very powerful tool to calm the mind down. Anapanasati is actually vipassana; it means mindfulness of the in and out breaths. methods may differ but if the principle/fundamental of the meditation is the same it is still vipassana meditation. However, in and out breaths can still be the object for Samatha Meditation; very difficult (due to its changing nature) but still can be done by discarding all other arising phenomena namely the 4 Spheres/Foundations of Mindfulness. in short, samatha's focus is to lead to absorption while vipassana: insight. however upon achieving absorption thru samatha it can be channeled to observing the four foundations of mindfulness which is vipassana and thus lead to insight/wisdom.
check out Anapanasati Sutta together with the all-important Satipatthana Sutta and also their commentaries/reviews by authors/notalbe monks for deeper explanations although it can be used as samatha solely if mind stays on breath alone and discard all arising phenomena required in vipassana.
one more thing to add, samatha's object is limitless. u can recite Coca-Cola/Pepsi all-day long without break and with concentration, u'd still get adsorbed in it/ even achieve absorption. try it
Samantha: focusing on one object; results in Samadhi
Vipassana: introspection of the self; results in wisdom
both methods are different. different schools approach them differently also.
Goenka's method combines samantha and vipassana.
Samadhi is essential when combined with wisdom for arahatship
In the tibetan view, we practice vipassana everyday as we think and brainstorm for our daily needs but very little Samantha and that we can only attain samadhi after knowing how the mind works.