Actually the moon's gravity effects work to decrease earths rotational speed over millions and billions of years. For example, examination of coral reefs from the cambrian era has shown that days were considerably shorter at that time, something like 23 hours or less, resulting in one year having about 400 days. (Please ask a palaeontologist or some dude from a similar area for details. )
So if you took the moon away, a day's length would simply stay at 24 hours forever (maybe a little differing due to sun's tidal effects on our planet), instead of being 25 hours in a few hundred million years, then 26 hours and so on.

The actually bigger effect would be caused by the fact that earth would keep the tangential speed vector with which it now circles the common mass center of the earth-moon system, which would result in, depending on which point of it's way around earth you would make the moon disappear, some slight increase or decrease in the eccentricity of earth's orbit around the sun. But very slight indeed, since the mass center of earth and moon still lies somewhere WAY below Earth's surface.

And since I very much dislike spherical geometry, I am not going to do a lenghty calculation here about how much the eccentricity of Earth's orbit would change. B)