(1st full draft press release)
1GP (GarisPanduan Perusahaan Sarang Burung Layang Layang)
The promised panacea for the ills of the industry.
60,000 farms currently earning RM1.5bil of foreign exchange awaits the sight of this guideline.
It was variously reported that when this much anticipated guidelines is implemented, it will propel the nation ahead of Indonesia and Thailand the current leading producers of the Edible Bird Nest. Malaysia currently contributes a mere 6% to the world supply.
Disruptive enforcement,licensing bureaucracy and disparate requirements of the different local councils (PBT) has been cited as the prime impediment to further growth. These came to a head when mass raids were conducted in Mukah Sarawak, resulting in eggs going bad and deaths of swiftlet fledlings. Operators then claimed that though hundreds of applications for licenses were filed and was later revealed 2 were approved.
Aerodramus Fuciphagus, the swiftlet specie that produces the Edible Bird Nest in this industry is not a protected specie in any of the producing countries. This is in tandem with CITES (an international agreement between governments to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival, of which Malysia is a signatory). A CITES report has attributed the recovery of this specie to the current commercialisation of it's nest. Nevertheless it remains in Schedule 4 of the Wild Life Protection Act 1972 (Pen M'sia) and xxxxxxxxxxx for Sarawak and Sabah. As such it remain under the purview of the respective agencies. Operators are now required to apply for annual licences for
1)Housing the birds and
2)Harvesting of the nests.
3)Export permits (good for once) are granted on a picemeal basis with a tax of RM100 per kilogram of birdnest.
Birdnest (which remain a favourite tourist purchase) is reported to continue to be confiscated at departure lounges of local airports due to the export
licence requirement.
This fledging industry is not without controversy. There has been numerous public complaints over the loud chirping emanating from the farms or birdhouses as operators prefer to call them. Some too claim that they offer sanctuary to the birds and as such bird sanctuaries be more apt a name. It is understood that 3 different chirps are in use. The first with speakers facing out and up at the entrances. Second at at intermediate area (or roving area in trade speak). The final being at the building internals. It is the first chirp that brings misery to the public. Local councils have now mandated that this first chirp sound are allowed to be used only between the hours of 7AM to 7PM.
The Veterinary Services has also offered courses to incalcate good husbandry practices through the GAHP syllabus. Another public complaint is the smell of the guano from within the birdhouses. And current regulation calls for regular cleanup and proper disposal of the same. Being the ever innovative entepreneur new technology (such as Effective Microrganism (EM) - a green composting method, is now catching on amongst the operators)is being adapted for use and proven effective in terms of neutralising the ammonia which is the main contributor to the unpleasant smell. Post application of EM produces guano ready to use as fertiliser.
Majority of operators started self funded in mostly abandoned shophouses for economic reasons and the then believe (or trade secret) and layman observations of swiftlets preference for their chosen habitat. Due to the high starup cost (RM400-RM750K), most operators had either pooled family resources and their life savings. It is estimated by operators that the industry now economically support close to half a million of their family dependents.
The government has come to the realise it's potential and has allocated a large sum of money in the 2010 national budget to develop the industry .
"ADVANCING AGRICULTURE SECTOR (**)
Fourth: Develop food farming industry such as fruits, vegetables, organic farming, herbs, seaweeds and swiftlet nests with an allocation of RM149
million;" (source: 2010 Budget speech)
It is apparent why the current operators view the the availability of the guidelines with such anxiety and emotions.
They have faced heart wrenching raids and then delighted with promises of assistance.
Prior to the completion of this article and as the date draws nearer to the Cabinet approval of the guidelines (from various press releases), some facets of the guidelines become available to the operators. These were viewed with disbelief as the overall theme tended to be more bureaucracy and further licensing and a host additional conditions that are impossible to comply with.
Some examples pointed are as follows
6.1 Status Tanah
i. Hendaklah dikategorikan sebagai bangunan perniagaan
ii. Bagi bangunan 'free standing' di atas tanah pertanian , syarat nyata tanah ditukar kepada kategori bangunan perniagaan.
Grouse:
no trading is conducted in situ.
land conversion adds to start up cost for no apparent advantage nor benefit
6.2 Jarak Bangunan
i. Mempunyai jarak 150 m daripada mana - mana bangunan kediaman berdekatan.
if. Hendaklah tidak kurang dari 0.5 km. daripada kawasan perumahan dan bangunan komersial.
Grouse:
Majority of existing shophouse birdhouse will fail compliance as by design shophouses are mostly built in a terrace.
6.6 Kebenaran
i. Persetujuan daripada tuan punya premis bersampingan dengan premis yang dicadangkan hendaklah diperolehi iaitu daripada kiri,
kanan, bahagian hadapan dan belakang premis yang berkenaan.
ii.Pandangan daripada jiran sekitaran juga hendaklah diperolehi sebelum kelulusan diberi
Grouse:
An adication of responsibility and confusion over roles.
6.11 Keadaan Bangunan
i. 'Semua bangunan dijadikan perusahaan burung hendaklah dicat semula dengan satu warna bagi memudahkan orang ramai dan pelancong asing mengenal pasti tempat bangunan yang dijadikan industri burung.
Grouse:
Unnecessary cost and frivolous.
The stated objective of 1GP
2 OBJECTIF
2.1 Untuk memastikan perkembangan industri sarang burung layang - layang di negara ini ·terkawalserta mematuhi perundangan dan peraturan semua agensi kerajaan yang berkaitan dengan industri ini.
2.2 Untuk memastikan aktiviti pengambilan sarang burung layang - layang tidak akan menjejaskan populasi semulajadi burung layang - layang. tersebut.:
2.3 Mengawal dan menyelaras pengambilan sarang burung layang - layang agar ianya dijalankan secara lestari. "
Published objective in press releases
"growth to 100,000 birdhouses producing 500 tonnes of edible bird nest annually worth RM5billion by year 2020"
(source: Bernama)
1GP objective and the national objective are fatally misaligned resulting in the allocated money to be spent to 'develop' the industry on plans to work out common industrial problems faced either technical, health, specie specfic research, market access...etc.
Instead the allocation are reported to be given out to successful 'applicants' to build swiftlet farms. Nary a person in the industry seem to have a clue of how and when these applications were offered.
1)The main grouse stems from the fact that these are new and additional conditions and are made to apply retroactively.
2)The remaining grouses are that some conditions are presumptious prescriptions for variables that dertermines the success of a birdhouse.
eg restrictions on methods employed to achieve optimum temperature and relative humidity which industry experts would hesitate to venture.
3)Mostly the 1GP guidelines is not 'developmental' in nature.
This post has been edited by Cergau: Feb 23 2010, 11:36 PM
V2. Swiftlet Keeping Discussion, Home of Fuciphagus Domesticus
Feb 23 2010, 11:16 PM
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