For the last three days, Xi Jinping has played host in one of China’s busiest port cities, welcoming leaders from across Asia and the Middle East for a carefully choreographed summit designed to showcase his vision of a new world order.
Now, the Chinese leader is set to exhibit a very different image with an ostentatious show of military might.
On Wednesday he will commandeer Beijing’s main artery – the Avenue of Eternal Peace – for a major military parade showing off the country’s cutting-edge hypersonic weapons, nuclear-capable missiles, and undersea drones, alongside thousands of goose-stepping soldiers.
Xi’s message with his multi-day exercise of soft and hard power, is clear: China is a force that wants to reset global rules – and it’s not afraid to challenge those of the West.
Hitting that message home is Xi’s guest list for the gathering, a cohort of more than two dozen China-friendly world leaders topped by Russian President Vladimir Putin and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, which also includes Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian.
That also makes the first time that the leaders of a quartet of nations Washington strategists warn are converging to form an anti-American “axis of upheaval” will be together in one event.
For the Western leaders desperately trying to ramp up pressure on Putin to end his war in Ukraine, those optics will appear stark.
Iran, North Korea, China and Russia are seen as an emerging anti-American axis by some observers in the West precisely because Tehran and Pyongyang have fed Moscow weapons and – in the case of Pyongyang – troops, while China has aided its war-torn economy and industry.
As Xi gives them seats by his side on a symbolic day for China, he is showing himself as the one global heavyweight who could stand a real chance to pressure Putin to end his war – and that he’s not going to use that pull to play by the West’s rules.
For Xi, China’s longest-serving and most powerful leader in decades, the symbolism – and its timing – will be purposeful.
Under President Donald Trump, the US is shaking up its alliances and causing economic pain for countries around the world, including among friends and allies, with his global trade war. Xi sees an opportune moment to make what might be his most dramatic showing yet of his challenge to a world based on Western rules and sensibilities.
Already the optics are paying off for the Chinese leader.
Glimpses of the leaders’ activities in recent days have shown a powerful camaraderie among those gathered, with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Putin greeting Xi animatedly, Modi embracing Putin, and leaders reaching out to greet the Russian leader as he walked shoulder to shoulder with Xi.
These moments are arguably as powerful outcomes as the statements made, signaling a convergence of leaders without the West.
“What Xi is trying to convey is certainty about China’s role in international affairs. This is clearly signaling to people throughout the region that China has arrived as a great power and it’s not going anywhere,” said Jonathan Czin, the Michael H. Armacost Chair in Foreign Policy Studies at Brookings.
“If you’re a US ally or partner, sitting in a capital somewhere in the region, and you have real doubts about whether or not you can rely on the United States as a partner, that’s an uncomfortable split screen to be viewing,” he added.
https://edition.cnn.com/2025/09/02/china/ch...dwbWYmrVTSeDgsg
Beijing military parade challenging the West, China not collapsing?
Sep 2 2025, 05:27 PM, updated 4 months ago
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