The Kelantan state government signed a preliminary deal with Australian mining giant Lynas last week to explore the state’s capacity to supply rare earths to the company’s processing facility in Pahang – the largest rare earths plant outside China.
Lynas’ advanced materials plant in Pahang state currently refines minerals sourced exclusively from its Mount Weld, Western Australia. These include neodymium-praseodymium oxide, as well as heavy rare earths such as dysprosium and terbium – all critical components for high-performance magnets used in electric vehicles, wind turbines and advanced semiconductors.
The new arrangement – described by Lynas as a “significant step” in developing Malaysia’s rare earths industry – could position Kelantan as a major regional supplier. The state government estimates its reserves are worth 125 billion ringgit (US$29.3 billion).
But Kelantan will first need to convince the federal government – led by a rival political coalition under Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim – to overlook its mountain of outstanding debt and hand out even more financial support or loans to modernise its public infrastructure, critical for large-scale mining and material transport.
“The federal government’s role is crucial for Lynas to finalise the deal [with Kelantan],” said Asrul Hadi Abdullah Sani, a partner at strategic advisory firm ADA Southeast Asia.
The rare earths sector remains highly lucrative, even amid a price slump over the past year triggered by excess production in China, the world’s dominant producer. The allure of high returns has also fuelled illegal mining across Malaysia.
In December, authorities arrested 55 people in separate raids across Kelantan and Selangor states on suspicion of illegally mining rare earth elements such as neodymium, which opened this week on the international market at US$94 per kg (2.2lbs).
Kelantan’s financial woes are well documented. As of 2023, the state owed nearly 270 million ringgit to the federal government, according to the 2024 report by Malaysia’s auditor-general. It repaid only 10.5 million ringgit that year.
Meanwhile, the state’s consolidated fund – the main repository of government revenue – fell more than 40 per cent to 325.5 million ringgit in 2023, down from 570.9 million ringgit the previous year.
https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/ar...ts-way-out-debt
Rare earths will make Kelantan rich
Jun 4 2025, 06:26 PM, updated 7 months ago
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