It's likely that they gave your mum benzodiazepines, such as
midazolam, together with muscle relaxants, to sedate your mum
in the hospital.

It's possible that the depression your mum had was from the
benzodiazepines, aggravated by interaction with muscle relaxants.


Benzodiazepines are known to cause depression, but that is more
with chronic use.

It's possible the high bolus dosage which they gave her IV in the
hospital may have long term lingering effects.


The elderly are particularly subsceptible to the side effects
of benzodiazepines.

http://web4health.info/it/bio-benzo-sideeffects.htm


However, I think it is more likely that your mum has PTSD, or post -
traumatic stress disorder, of which depression is a symptom.


PTSD is known to occur after discharge from the ICU, particularly
in elderly patients, months or even years later.

Depression by itself, without PTSD, can also occur after discharge.


Women are twice as likely as men to have PTSD.

Was your mum placed on the ventilator in the ICU ? That would
have increased her likelihood of developing PTSD or depressive
symptoms months or even years after discharge.


You could bring your mum back to the hospital and relate her
current condition to her. They may refer her to other specialists,
such as psychiatrists, for treatment.


Hiro Koo (Zeropoint9) is a qualified psychologist trained in hynotherapy
practising in the New Mind Center in Wisma Hrih Lotus (former Alhambra
cinema, then an art gallery) in Jalan Setapak.

http://www.newmindcentre.com/p/about.html


Hypnosis, together with biofeedback, is a viable adjuctive or even standalone therapy for PTSD, depression and many other psychological and physical conditions - even cancer.


If you find that later that other doctors cannot improve her condition,
you can take your mum to him.

If you wish to try traditional Chinese medicine as well, I go to this quite
experienced lady practitioner in Pandan Jaya every now and then.

She even has some Malay patients.

https://www.facebook.com/Klinik-Pakar-TCM-Y...96117660597358/

https://foursquare.com/v/%E8%91%89%E4%B8%AD...4b0a34ac620861d



Are Intensive Care Factors Associated with Depressive
Symptoms Six Months after Acute Lung Injury ?

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2769249/


Associations between sedation, delirium and post-traumatic stress
disorder and their impact on quality of life and memories following
discharge from an intensive care unit.

" After 2 months vs. 6 months, 297 patients vs. 248 patients were interviewed.
PTSD was found in 7% vs. 5%, anxiety in 6% vs. 4%, and depression in 10%
at both interviews. "

http://www.danmedj.dk/portal/page/portal/d...B4630/B4630.pdf




Memory, delusions, and the development of acute posttraumatic
stress disorder-related symptoms after intensive care.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/11373423/



Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms
following critical illness requiring mechanical ventilation.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/17316452/



Psychological wellbeing, health related quality of life and memories
of intensive care and a specialised weaning centre reported by survivors
of prolonged mechanical ventilation.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/24308899/


Post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic stress symptoms
following critical illness in medical intensive care unit patients.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2151890/



Post-traumatic stress disorder in somatic disease: lessons
from critically ill patients.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/18037018/


PTSD and depression are also common in relatives of patients
who pass away in the ICU.


ICU care associated with symptoms of depression and posttraumatic
stress disorder among family members of patients who die in the ICU.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3071273/



Physical and mental health in patients and spouses after
intensive care of severe sepsis.


" A significant proportion of patients and spouses (26% - 42%) showed
clinically relevant scores of anxiety and depression; approximately
two thirds of both, patients and spouses, reported posttraumatic stress
symptoms defined as clinically relevant. "

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/23222259/




Depression in general intensive care unit survivors.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/19165464/




This post has been edited by Tham: Jan 7 2017, 02:15 PM

Post-traumatic stress disorder managed successfully with
hypnosis and the rewind technique: two cases in obstetric patients.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/26162981



Hypnosis as an effective management of a child with
posttraumatic stress disorder after perineal trauma.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/24815600/



Hypnosis can reduce pain in hospitalized older patients:
a randomized controlled study.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4714456/



Hypnosis after an adverse response
to opioids in an ICU burn patient.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/9647460/