Colombia’s AC-47T Fantasmas Are Still Going Strong
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Seventy years after their heyday, World War II cargo planes are patrolling the skies over Colombia’s vast jungles. The AC-47T Fantasma is equipped with infrared sensors to scan the jungles below — and also packs three side-mounted .50-caliber Gatling guns.
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Under Project Talechaser, the Air Force fitted a C-47D with three M134 7.62-millimeter mini-guns — multi-barrel, Gatling-style weapons that could fire up to 6,000 rounds a minute. Even though they generally shot in shorter bursts to conserve ammunition, the sheer density of firepower they put out made them a devastating weapon. The “gunships” would orbit the battle area, banking at a 25-degree angle to keep its guns in line with the target.
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To avoid ground fire, the AC-47s primarily flew at night — and thus earned the appellation “Spooky.” During the first several years of U.S. involvement in Vietnam, at least one AC-47 remained airborne at all times, ready to come to the defense of any isolated outposts that came under Viet Cong attack.
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The United States passed AC-47s to various Southeast Asian countries, where they continued to see action. Taiwan and Indonesia improved their own AC-47s, the latter using them to strafe East Timor. South Africa also created its own variant armed with 20-millimeter cannons.
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After the U.S. turned down Colombia’s request for AC-130 gunships, in 1993 the Colombian military sent the first of seven AC-47s to the Basler Turbo company in Oshkosh, Wisconsin for modernization to the BT-67 standard. The cost — $5 million per plane
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The Colombian military also fitted the AC-47s with a forward-looking infrared sensor pod under the cockpit. The upgraded gunships were christened “AC-47Ts.”
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Over time, some if not all of the Fantasmas received night-vision-goggle-compatible cockpits, targeting computers and upgraded weapons, including GAU-19 .50-caliber triple-barrel Gatling guns firing at a rate of up to 2,000 rounds per minute. At least one Fantasma mounts a 20-millimeter cannon.
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The Fantasmas typically fly with a crew of seven — a pilot, co-pilot, navigator, engineer and three gunners. They can remain aloft for up to 10 hours at a time as they observe the jungle, coordinate friendly aircraft, and provide fire support for troops on the ground. The Fantasma’s engines are frequently described as being remarkably quiet — allowing them to approach their targets unaware and unleash their terrifying firepower as a surprise.
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On Nov. 1, 1998, more than 1,300 FARC guerillas led by Mono Jojoy infiltrated Mitú, the state capital of Vaupés, an isolated state on the Brazilian border lacking road links to the rest of Colombia. The FARC laid siege to the police headquarters, killing 60 of the 120 officers there and kidnapping more than 80 officials including a general.
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A single AC-47 and two Bronco attack planes were the first government reinforcements on the scene. They struck targets in the city center to support the beleaguered police holdouts.
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As night fell, an AC-47 dropped flares to guide additional helicopters deploying troops to Querari. While launching the flares, the Fantasma crew detected a column of guerilla fighters approaching the area — and gunned down many of them.
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Mitú came back under government control soon thereafter. And in the following years, Fantasmas continued to serve as a fast-reaction force for besieged towns and outposts. One video from 2002 depicts policemen, pinned down by rebel fire in San Pablo, watching as a Fantasma rakes the surrounding hills with its guns.
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Low-flying Fantasmas would rake the target area after the initial bombardment, “shooting the wounded trying to go for cover,” The Washington Post reported. Finally, Blackhawks would deploy troops to mop up the survivors.
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Starting in 2008, the Colombian military targeted FARC’s leadership from the air. Three top rebel leaders and 42 mid-level commanders were killed between 2008 and 2013. The Fantasma gunships, directing attacks by Super Tucanos and Dragonfly attack planes, were key assets in the campaign.
War Is Boring