Dinaung or dijajah. I would say both interpretations are accurate depending on ur definition of a colony

Reading the Pangkor Treaty where Raja Abdullah was acknowledged as the legitimate Sultan to replace Sultan Ismail and the Sultan would receive a British Resident whose advice had to be sought in all matters except those pertaining to the religion and customs of the Malays. We were never legally a British colony

But we did surrender most of our sovereignty. That too can be said to be colonization.

It is not clear cut, black and white..

Independence need not necessarily be from a colony to an independent state.

It can also be from a protectorate to an full sovereign state.

Tan Sri Prof Emeritus Khoo Kay Kim

If what he say wasn't true, do you think he would have gotten such a title? People work hard to establish Malaysian history from nothing. If not for this man we wouldn't know about Malaysian history today.