the watt thingy is just a general guide.. there is also how goood is ur reflector, water clarity, tank height,distance of light to water surface,what type of colour spectrum is ur bulb(6400k,6500k,8000k,10000k?). plus i think its per''liter'' instead of ''gallon'' then again. LED is the exception- meaning the wat per liter doesnot apply to leds..

emily,

1, how long shall i cycle thing tank?
- until u get 0ppm ammonia and some nitrate reading. can be a few weeks long...

2, is it safe to cycle it with newly bought java & xmas moss?
will it affect the moss?
- yes no problems, just dun add fishes yet.

3, how can i speed up the cycling process?
- use the filter media from the older aquarium if you have (must be a current running one)
- use start up bacteria liquid available at LFS

4, what's the use of cycling with fish food inside?
- fish food will rot away due to no fish eating it. the rotting will make ammonia. the first process of nitrogen cycle begins where ammonia - nitrite - nitrate

mine 26. if u can get lower to 25 its ok. 18 too cold imho. the fish and the moss will be shivering

18c is too cold ya... preferable is 22c-25c region is more than enough. in fact, lower temp will result in difficult for nitrifying bacteria to get established.

Wah Emily ur like me morning hot at night cold ya... Cool

Wont effect la... I see mine still okay...

ask ur father to change the electric system into two way system...my hometown got 3-4 airconds so the electrician suggest us to change the wiring. so no more trip. if not always kena on balik the mainbox.

never use taiwan. got diff between xmas and taiwan?

if u can collect all the mosses, it will be a lovely collection. love the crayfish video!

We have the same filter!

I put the bio ring onto my the other smaller filter together with the sponge like thing. That sponge like thing is supposed to house the bacteria from the bio ring or something right? At least that's what the salesperson told me. I also added in some live bacteria into the bio ring there..

[attachmentid=3312378]

Btw, I might just end up with an empty tank tomorrow Had 6 goldfish cramped up in a 3 gallon tank since Day 1. One by one started dying and now left with 2. One of the fish don't look good, keep wobbling around sideways and sometimes 360degrees

Sigh, blame it all on my inexperience. Just pray that both fish survive...

Thank you so much. You are of great help

Those are really good links, especially the first one!

Unfortunately, my last goldfish just died just now. Now my tank is empty. It's Day 5

I think I will just get the ammonia and nitrite/nitrate tester kit and maybe a ph meter tomorrow.

"why limit yourself to just goldfish & guppy , there are many nice dwarf fish to keep like Tetra , galaxy rasbora & other rasbora type etc."

Let's just say I keep using my 3 gallon tank for now, how many of those fish I can keep in the tank? I have some sand at the bottom and 2 potted plants.
3 gallon tank can fit 4 guppy fish? I'm really really scared of overcrowding liao >_<
45cm length? What are the exact dimensions ah? Care to share link?

Looking for maybe a 10gallon tank or something

so ganas ur crayfish.fresh sashimi it got..hahaa

er well, this is for photo taking purposes, we're not saying you cant do it in a curved edges tank, but for photoshooting wise, normal edges are always better, those that you see on the internet, IAPLC or etc, are all normal edges.

my HC? i thought they grow so slow in my tank, but they are starting to blossom already... yeah, i'm also re-using my 1yr old new amazonia, hc takes a lot of time to root...
well, many aqua hobbyist that i know also try to achieve a slightly yellowish indicator, this is obviously a good sign for plants, however, for fishes? well, as long as you don't see them gasping for oxygen on the surface, that would suffice, and you must have a very well circulated tank, so both the oxygen and carbon dioxide can circulate well in every corners of your tank.
no, what i did was, first week about 4 hours... 2nd week about 5 hours, 3rd week about 6 hours, then i now capped at 8 hours or less for photo period.
bro, did you have any co2? just a reminder, if you are using a HOB filter for those co2 tank, pls top up your water as much as you can until it reaches the outflow of the filter. this way, your co2 pumped into your tank will not be wasted. why? because co2 itself is very hard to dissolved in the water, and if you have a gap between water outflow and the surface, this will create some bubbles into your tank? and these oxygen brought into your tank will even make your co2 harder to be dissolved in your tank.
NA otto so expensive meh? i last bought was about rm4 per piece, but 1 died and 1 jumped out from my tank 
well, i have friend used this before, but it creates some noise after a while... and it's not so cheap though... but the cooling was quite ok though. but nothing beat a cheap diy pc fan =)