guys, what is bid-to-bid annualised/cumulative return? and how are they calculated?

i tried googling for a while and yet not much info on how these numbers being produced.

appreciate alot on the image of the calculation

actually i try to figure how the numbers of the chart below being generated.



normally the footnote will put "Performance figures are absolute returns based on the price of the fund as at June 14, 2019 (Last updated on June 18, 2019),on NAV-to-NAV basis,with dividends being 'reinvested' on the dividend date."
this is why i ask about bid to bid returns.

double post~

This post has been edited by turtleundersea: Jun 18 2019, 11:50 AM

the term "dividend distribution adjusted", how does it apply to calculation of NAV/performance?



the chart on previous post is mandatory 3 years performance from ifast.
and i have compile the NAV on each date (last working day of every month) and the calculation of each date shown in the current image.

but i cannot get the exact numbers as in the chart.
for example:
2016-06-30 >> 102.29(chart) >> 102.39 (my calculation)
2016-07-29 >> 104.17(chart) >> 104.22 (my calculation)

i was thinking i didnt include the income distribution, but if so, how does the calculation gonna be if include income distribution?



This post has been edited by turtleundersea: Jun 18 2019, 12:32 PM