Pap smear is indicated in sexually active women only and advised at least once a year.



This is wrong, Carcinoma means aggresive. IN-situ carcinoma means that the malignant/dangerous cells have yet to break through the basal membrane. Hence the chances of spread to other body areas are minimal.




For government clinics they will call you regarding your results. Not too sure about private clinics though.




Risk factors for cervical cancer include
1) early sexual intercourse
2)Multiple sexual partners
3)Sexually transmitted diseases
4)Human Papilloma virus infection


This post has been edited by Bodhi: Sep 1 2006, 09:58 AM

Pap smear done for married women or women who are sexually active only.
For virgins, pap smear is not required and so no question about rupturing the hymen.

As to why it was concluded that pap smear is unnecessary for virgins was because it was found that nuns have zero incidence of cervical cancer

No. Based on clinical suspicion first and then on ultrasound of uterus.

Depends on what kind of period and what symptoms. For virgins the diagnosis is usually derived from the history and an abdominal examination, a per-vaginal examination is NOT done and is replaced with a digital rectal examination if required. Most of the time an ultrasound of the lower abdomen is performed which is sufficient to rule out most diseases.