QUOTE(communist892003 @ Aug 3 2009, 07:44 AM)
[...] Philosophers have always come in handy in the workplace with their grounding in analytical thinking. Why, only now, are they so prized by employers? [...]
The above quoted statement is an excerpt from the
article originally written by Jessica Shepherd that published in The Guardian, Tuesday 20 November 2007 issue.
In fact, it's most probably true that one can really use Applied Philosophy in a number of different ways because it cultivates Critical Thinking generally, in which it has a lot to do with our daily lives, especially in the workplace. But, depending on the ones interests, some parts of it will seem more relevant than others. And some parts of philosophy are more abstract than others. So, please allow me to share a real-life experience in Construction Project Management with regards to this.
There are many good applied philosophical approaches available to assist Project Managers and Engineers to carry out their duties properly. Covert Persuasion Skills and Project Plan, however, are intended to ensure that jobs proceed Effectively, Efficiently & Economically (3Es) within the prescribed limits of acceptable procedures and resources (4Ms). Therefore, when things go wrong, the Project Manager or Engineer must turn to the Contracts and other legal textbooks using Critical Thinking Skills, which require time and knowledge to study to CYA (Cover Your Ass) ethically.
(Unethical practices are best left to underground discussion.)For example, between the two scenarios, a smooth contract or a construction calamity, there is a gap which Analytical & Critical Thinking Skills attempt to fill. It is based on the fact that architects, consultants, engineers, owners, and subcontractors will forget things, do them at the wrong time or simply make mistakes. In addition, numerous problems arise which even the stakeholders cannot foresee. And then problematic issues tend to follow a pattern. I have personally encountered or observed most of the situations and therefore, specially developed the sets of mnemonics which follow. The purpose is to help my project team mates to
apply Critical Thinking Skills to extricate themselves from difficulties by identifying (and not necessarily exposing) the Tricky Opponent's utmost intention in the most basic and practical way.
An argument in its simplest form: “Assumption + Evidence = Conclusion”, where its assumption often goes unstated and unwarranted.C.R.I.T.I.C.A.L. Thinking********************
C = Credibility > Does the arguer express his points clearly, concisely, and coherently strong with the quality of being convincing?
R = Relevance > Are the premises relevant to the conclusion? Does the arguer commit any Informal Fallacies of Relevance?
I = Integration > Is all relevant evidences taken into account (given limitations of intentions, importance, and implications)?
T = Trueness > Does the critical group of assumptions provide good reasons beyond reasonable doubt to accept the conclusion?
I = Impartiality > Is the arguer bias toward what confirms his personal view, familiar ideas, and his likes (or against your dislikes)?
C = Consistency > Do the claims contradict other claims, personal experiences or background beliefs made in the argument?
A = Adequacy > Do the premises provide adequate logical support for the conclusion?
L = Logical > Is the reasoning logically correct?
F.U.C.K.E.D.**********
F = Fact = a thing that is known or proved to be true
U = Understanding = the ability to understand something; comprehension
C = Concept = an abstract idea formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge
K = Knowing = the state of being aware or informed
E = Explanation = a reason or justification given for an action or belief to make something clear
D = Data = factual statistics collected together for reference or analysis
D.O.G.M.A.*********
D = Distortion = creating, from other people’s words or actions, a meaning which may not necessarily be true
O = Omission = being selective about experiences and choosing to omit certain information, so part of the meaning is deleted
G = Generalization = believing something to be universally true based on limited experience
M = Manipulation = control, influence or mislead (a person or situation) cleverly or unscrupulously
A = Assumption = a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof or rational justification